Why Data Mining Is The Extraction Of Knowledge From The...

Data mining is the extraction of knowledge from the various databases that was previously unknown (Musan Hunyadi, 2010). Data mining consists of using software that conglomerates artificial intelligence, statistical analysis, and systems management in the act of extracting facts and understanding from data stored in data warehouses, data marts, and through metadata (Giudici, 2005). Through algorithms and learning capabilities data mining software can analyze large amounts of data and give the management team intellectual and effective information to help them form their decisions. The intention for data mining is to analyze prevailing data and form new truths and new associations that were unknown prior to the analysis (Musan Hunyadi,†¦show more content†¦These visualization tools that are made through the management team’s queries, are synthesized with the reports. Charts, tables, and graphs can help management teams make important decisions by allowing them to see data in a quantitative view. The management team can use this new perspective to understand all areas of their query and, in turn, they can make better and more informed decisions. How Business Intelligence Systems are used Business intelligence systems are the combination of operational data and analytical tools to aid managers to comprehend the â€Å"capabilities available in the firm, the industrial trends, future development in technologies and the market and even their competitor’s actions and the resulting implications† (Wang, 2014, p. 1083). There are many ways managers can use the information a business intelligence system gives them such as understand customer behavior, analyzing competition understanding investment options, and knowledge protection. Customer Behavior The market place, even at a local level, is more competitive then it has been at any other time in history. Companies must put a major emphasis on gaining customer loyalty and understanding customer behavior in order to compete in today’s market place. Tuta et al. (2014) offer that intelligent technologies provide new options for manages to understand the market place they partake in and the competition in that market place. Customer Relationship Management systems are a new way

Improving The Learning Process For Students Of All Diverse...

Reflect on Ways of Learning Educators and its stakeholders’ are working to continually improve the learning process for students of all diverse backgrounds. Integrating these student populations requires innovation on behalf of the teachers and supporting resources. The methods that are employed may not always be agreed upon, even when they are proven to be successful and effective in less than desirable conditions. Many teachers have in some capacity proven methods of learning that include visual, auditory, and kinesthetic techniques to grasp student’s attentions and further engage their curiosities in the subject matter that is being explored. It is the roles of educators to provide objectives and an atmosphere where children of all age’s personalities are attracted to learning. Furthermore, it is fundamentally necessary for teachers to recognize these different learning styles among their students (Graf, Kinshuk, Liu, 2009). The earlier that a prominent learning style is recognize d by a teacher, the more opportunity the teacher has available to dedicate time and assist a student by providing an action plan for learning that can be implemented to assist the child in sustaining successful motivation to learn. Having familiarized myself with this week’s assignment articles reaffirmed my belief that diversity in children learning in school is critical. It is much more prominent with adults learning in the workforce where diversity is recognized. Early childhoodShow MoreRelatedCulture Is Central For Learning1500 Words   |  6 PagesCulture is central to learning. Culture plays a role not only in communicating and getting information, but it also shapes the thinking process of groups and individuals. Pedagogy recognizes, responds to, and praises the important cultures that are equitable access to education for students from all cultures. 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Without proper guidance in educational settings, children like Abedi who isRead MoreThe Adult Learner Essay On Learning Styles1437 Words   |  6 PagesChris Standerford PY554 – The Adult Learner Essay on Learning Styles Between the practice of education and the conducting of research in educational psychology, there is a divide that has formed around the effectiveness of utilizing learning styles while teaching and learning. Learning styles are defined as an individual’s mode of gaining knowledge, especially a preferred or best method (Learning Styles). Common examples of learning styles include visual learners, auditory learners, kinesthetic

The study of differential effects of Rhizomes

Question: Write a report about the study of differential effects of Rhizomes. Answer: Introduction: Sometimes when we are dealing with many factors and with a large number of experimental units, sometimes, an observation may miss due to various reasons such as carelessness, error, for reasons beyond control such as damage to an experimental unit. If there is a missing observation in RBD, randomized block design, every treatment does not occur in every block. Then, treatments are no longer orthogonal to blocks. The study of the differential effects of Rhizomes is very useful for the understanding of the nature of the rhizomes and the effects associated with the rhizomes. There are so many significant interaction produces due to the differential effects of the Rhizomes. We want to study these significant effects due to the Rhizomes. Let us see this research proposal in detail explained in the next topic. Literature Review: In the article Do rhizome severing and shoot defoliation affect clonal growth of Leymus chinensis at ramet population level? by Zhengwen Wang (2004), it is said that Leymus chinensis Tzvel is a perennial species of Gramineae usually subject to the defoliation from grazing and mowing. Researcher examine whether shoot defoliation and rhizome severing affected rhizome and ramet growth. It is observed that the defoliation affected the rhizome growth and the bud outgrowth. It is also observed that there is a little effect on shoot growth. There is a similar effect of the mild and heavy defoliation on the rhizome growth. It was observed that only heavy defoliation is significantly reduces the bud outgrowth while the mild defoliation did not reduces significantly. It is also observed the fact that shoot growth did not change after defoliation and that the bud numbers remained unchanged after mild defoliation suggest that the compensatory response enable the species to tolerate grazing to so me extent. Neither rhizome severing nor the interaction of rhizome severing and defoliation had effect on any tested variables. Lack of the effect of rhizome severing falsified the first half of our hypothesis, that is, clonal integration was unimportant in our experiment. The probable reasons were suspected to be the short duration of the experiment and/or the buffer effect of carbohydrate reserves in rhizomes for shoot growth and bud production in time of defoliation. Research Topic: Suppose we have data observed from an experiment using the treatment Biltox, Dithane, Brestan, Control. After sowing rhizomes of the mat grass in four plots in each of the three villages the above four treatments were applied at random to the plots in a village after 30 days of sowing. Unfortunately the yield of the third treatment in the third village was lost. Research Questions: It is important to establish the research questions for the research process because it provides the proper way to the research study. For this research study, we have to check the different claims regarding the differential effects of rhyzomes. The research questions for this research proposal are summarised as below: Here we want to estimate the unknown value corresponding to Bresnan. Analyze the data to find out if there are any significant treatment effects Whether the blocking effect was important or not. To answers these questions, it is important to collect the data from the differential effects of rhyzomes and use the proper research methodology for drawing conclusions. Let us see the research methodology used for this research study. Research Methodology: The first step in the research methodology for the business research study is nothing but to establish the research hypothesis or the research questions. By establishing the research questions we get the proper guideline for the research process. After establishing the research questions we need to collect the data for the variables included in the research study. For this research study we have to collect the data regarding the differential effects of rhyzomes. The given layout is that of an RBD, randomized block design where there are two sources of variation one along the treatments and one along the blocks. Let us first thoroughly go through the theory of randomized block design. Randomized block design is the simplest design that implements all the three main principles of design randomization, replication and local control. Here the experimental units can be heterogeneous with respect to some nuisance factors. Here we group the units into blocks so that the units within a bloc k are homogeneous. In a randomized block design randomization is restricted within a block. Research Techniques: There are various methods of missing data analysis one such method is Yates Method. Let one of the observations be missing denoted as X We write down the sum of squares of error in terms of x and the available data. This expression is usually a quadratic in x say SSE(x).The estimate of x is obtained as that value of x* for which SSE(x*) is minimum.SSE(x*) is the corrected SSE with degrees of freedom ve-1,where ve is the degrees of freedom of SSE had there been no missing values. The treatment sum of squares and the error sum of squares are written as the function of X and the available data. The estimate of X is obtained as X** for which SSE(x**) + SSE(x**) is minimum. This is the corrected sum of squares due to treatments with DF vt + ve-1 where vt is the df of SST had there been no missing observations. To test the differential effects of the treatments the sum of squares due to the hypothesis is SSHo=SST(x**) + SSE(x**)-SSE(x*) which has degrees of freedom vt. Data collection: We know that the data collection is very important for the purpose of carrying out the research process. After sowing rhizomes of the mat grass in four plots in each of the three villages the above four treatments were applied at random to the plots in a village after 30 days of sowing. Unfortunately the yield of the third treatment in the third village was lost. The available yields in gm of 1 rgft. cutting per plot after 120 days are given below. Treatment Village 1 2 3 Biltox 678 10 531 Dithane 703 689 611 Bresnan 736 574 * Control 556 510 500 Data Analysis: Here we use missing plot technique as we have one data point missing. This algorithm is suggested by Yates. Here at first we write down the SSE as a quadratic in x. The estimate of x is X* which is the value of X for which SSE is minimum SSE then from SSE(X*) we get the corrected SSE. Next we write SST + SSE in quadratic of x then we find X** which is the value of X for which SST+SSE is minimum. This is the corrected sum of squares due to the treatments. Here the given layout is that of an RBD (Randomized Block Design) with 3 villages as 3 blocks and 4 treatments. Let, yij denote the response variable of I th village and jth treatment. Here y33 is missing. Let,y33=x B3=sum of available observations in 3 rd block=1642 T3= sum of available observations in 3 rd treatment=1310 G= sum of all available observations=6298 Here r= number of blocks=3 v= number of treatments=4 Now x==x*=594.667 SSE(X*)=11535.9 with degrees of freedom 6 Now, X**==547.33 SSHO(X**,X*)=SST(X**)+SSE(X**)-SSE(X*)=34892.3 Suppose we want to test the differential effects of the treatments i.e. whether the yield of mat grass depends on the treatments or not . We want to test Hot:T1==T4=0 against H1t:Not Hot The test statistic is given by Ft=*() ~ Fv-1,rv-r-v Reject Hot against H1t if obs. (Ft) Fv-1,rv-r-v,alpha A project plan using a Gantt chart A Gantt chart is the chart of the proper time management for the different activities included in the research study. For this research study we have to perform different activities for the purpose of data collection and data analysis. The general Gantt chart for this research project is given as below: Activity Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 Study of research topic Data collection Experiment Data collection Readings Checking assumptions Handling problem with missing data entries Statistical data analysis by using Minitab or SPSS Research outcomes Research Outcomes: For this research study, the research outcomes are summarised as below: Now if we take level of significance=alpha=0.05 Then Fv-1,rv-r-v,alpha=6.59138 Obs.(Ft)=5.04112 So we can conclude that Ho is accepted at 5% level of significance hence the treatment effects do not differ significantly. We can also test whether there is any difference in the blocks or not, if the block effects are significantly different then we might have succeeded in achieving local control. But if block effects are not significantly different then there may be 2 cases, firstly our data was already homogeneous so there was no need of blocking otherwise we have failed to make the blocks. If we have succeeded in making the blocking effect significantly different there may be the case of the variability due to error which can be easily solved by just modifying the Model. References: Kazmier,J,2009,Schaum's Outline of Business Statistics, Schaum's Outlines, USA Mood, Graybill, Boes, Introduction to the theory of Statistics, McGraw-Hill, USA Yule, An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, Andesitte Press,2015,London Ross, S, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 2014, Academic Press, London Antony, J, Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists,2003,Butterworth Limited, U.S.A Sheldon, R, Introductory Statistics,2006,cbspd,USA Schervish, Mark J. (1995). Theory of statistics (Corr. 2nd print. ed.). New York: Springer Moses, Lincoln E. (1986) Think and Explain with Statistics, Addison-Wesley Hays, William Lee, (1973) Statistics for the Social Sciences, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Rubin, Donald B.; Little, Roderick J. A., Statistical analysis with missing data, New York: Wiley 2002 Mosteller, F., Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data analysis and regression. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Mann, Prem S. (1995). Introductory Statistics (2nd ed.). Wiley. Babbie, Earl R. (2009). The Practice of Social Research (12th ed.). Wadsworth. Nick, Todd G. (2007). "Descriptive Statistics". Topics in Biostatistics. New York: Springer.

Business Entrepreneurship Management Exception

Question: Describe about the Business Entrepreneurship for Management Exception. Answer: Introduction Almost without exception, academic research on entrepreneurship is stimulated with the aid of the financial blessings of entrepreneurship (Aldrich Waldinger, 2010). Most research check with one or academic research showing that entrepreneurship certainly ends in sizeable advantages in terms of, for instance, employment era or improvements. However, whether the stated reference changed into one of the few out of many research that took place to find supportive proof is not always yet clear. This paper examines to what quantity recent empirical proof can systematically substantiate this declaration. Entrepreneurs and their counterparts are described and as compared in terms of their contribution to the introduction of financial value. Consequently, the purpose is to review latest empirical literature that offers an (statistically supported) answer to the subsequent question: what is the economic fee of entrepreneurs in contrast to their counterparts, i.e. non-entrepreneurs? Primarily based on empirical studies into this problem, we arrive at four measures to quantify the financial price of entrepreneurs. For this reason, we answer the following specific questions: what is the contribution of marketers to: Employment, technology and dynamics Innovation Productiveness and increase, relative to the contributions of the marketers counterparts A fourth form of contribution that we look at is the role of entrepreneurship in growing the society. Shockingly, given the importance of demonstrating the relationship amongst entrepreneurship and monetary results, this paper is the principal audit of the (essential) experimental writing here. All the more decisively, it is the principal audit of top notch financial aspects and administration thinks about, concentrating on different sorts of commitments that business people can make to the economy as far as quantifiable measures and assessing the business visionaries' execution in these zones with respect to their partners, i.e. bigger, more seasoned or occupant firms. In these faculties, our review is one of a kind (Alvarez Barney, 2011). Other than underlining what our review may contribute, it is likewise advantageous to recognize what it does not contribute. Monetary or administration hypotheses concerning why and how business visionaries would contribute too particular parts of financial esteem creation, for example, work or development, are excluded. They are past the extent of our review and given elsewhere, with respect to occurrence in Paker et al (2010) and in a significant number of the reviews inspected. We just give a (somewhat intensive) diagram of experimental reviews to assess the degree of commitments to monetary esteem production of business people by and by. Uniqueness of Thanaphols Idea The idea of Thanaphol is one of a kind in that he is willing to take a risk in the birds nest market. This is perhaps due to the skills in marketing and production skills. Entrepreneurship is thought to be a key consider advancing monetary improvement, advancement, aggressiveness and facilitating employment; however, there is slight thought concerning the aptitudes needed for an effective private enterprise. Studies and have centered on the circumstances important for entrepreneurship - ordinarily characterized regarding the production of innovative pursuits - to succeed. Abilities of entrepreneurship matters have tended to basically in connection to the training framework. Late examinations by Hayton (2015), proposed that there exist a lack inside a significant extent of some small and medium-sized endeavors in connection to aptitudes of entrepreneurs. Such aptitude inadequacies might go about as an imperative on the development of numerous SMEs. With a specific end goal to investigate this issue in more detail, BIS reviewed the strategy audit, which concentrates on comprehension the way of entrepreneurship aptitudes and investigating the degree to which, and the routes in which, open approach may bolster the advancement of such abilities. The term abilities of entrepreneurship infers that capabilities may perhaps be recognized, which are connected to (fruitful) entrepreneurs, moreover it might be recognized from properties and practices which ordinarily concern business people. The open deliberation in the matter of whether and additionally how entrepreneurship (abilities) can be educated is vital to this review. In the event that it can be set up that a few aptitudes of entrepreneurship may possibly be recognized/connected, there might be a case for strategy mediation to fortify enhanced business execution, intensity, advancement and employment creation. Key findings in research on Entrepreneurship According to Arbuthnott von Friedrichs (2013), the following are the key finding in entrepreneurship: Obviously, intercessions reliable with the run of the mill businesspersons inclination for empirical knowledge are destined to be fruitful in creating aptitudes concerning entrepreneurship. By and large abnormal amounts of entrepreneurship aptitudes are connected with fitness during the time spent open door distinguishing proof (as well as creation), the capacity to profit by recognized open doors and a scope of abilities connected with creating and executing strategies for success to empower such chances to be figured it out. Signs are there in writing that aptitudes concerning entrepreneurship and related advancement requirements can change by sexual orientation, traditions as well as area; nevertheless, confirmation is not conclusive and additional assessments could clear this up. The correspondence that it is conceivable to recognize a scope of aptitudes which may possibly be classified in the expansive heading of abilities of entrepreneurship which may, to a certain degree, be recognized from management and leadership abilities that give off an impression of being most applicable to bigger associations. The first thing that Thanaphol should do Prior to seeking out at the writing in extra element, it is functional to think hastily about the opportunity of "mastery" and its connection to a business venture. Chell (2013) saw that ability shows capability in execution and may be better through practice and get prepared'. She proceeds to explicit that capacities are multidimensional creates; they include the scholarly records and what is learnt; the affordable keen expression and what's experienced; the direct movement at key, key and character stages; and the exciting condition, phrase associated, career and errand degrees. This is a useful structure inner which to fathom the aptitudes that are required remembering the ultimate goal to be a productive agent, the ways that these capacities are secured and the potential for big commercial enterprise aptitudes to be made and stepped forward in the placing of present tries of entrepreneurship. Furthermore, evaluations of the important thing writing regarding the approach for enterprise, staring at the data, aptitudes and bounds of marketers and innovators are numerous and numerous, yet as with individual qualities, they interface with circumstances (Chell, 2013). A repercussion of such discernments is even as there are a few personal feature which are related to a commercial lead, on a valuable stage it is feasible to understand 'entrepreneurial capacities' which may perhaps be studied, furthermore upgraded, in this manner enhancing the potential outcomes of business survival and advancement. What's more, experiential realizing associated with specific conditions or possibly issues will most likely be viable in making business venture capacities than classroom-based learning. There is a protracted-walking speculative and correct verbal showdown approximately the technique for business, which has fundamental consequences for discoursed as for the method for big business aptitudes and how much (and the guides in which) they might be learnt. This record does no longer talk those realistic examinations in detail; however, a essential perception of the key complexities in setting is important remembering the closing goal to understand the capacities that are required for effective entrepreneurial interest. Chell (2013) specializes in the dominating 'open entryway affirmation' idea which portrays the part of the professional surely like the person who finds new open entryways that beginning now exist and consequently makes (or abuses) those open entryways. This is unfaltering with Hayton's (2015) definition outlined out above. Carter et al, (2013) brings up developing a liberal and creating collection of composing that there are different fighting points of view of the business technique that may have fluctuating repercussions for our perception of enterprise aptitudes. In particular, different audits have prescribed that the making of new open entryways, not the disclosure of viably existing open entryways, lie at the heart of the entrepreneurial technique. Besides, while the individual traits, learning and attributes of the agent are imperative in this strategy (Armstrong, 2013), distinct experts conspicuously (Carter et al, 2013) - highlight the a portion of frameworks organization and 'effectuate', with enterprise being to a more prominent degree a total, iterative process than was at that point thought. Various variations of the 'open door creation' approach can be distinguished; in any case, the key difficulty from the point of view of this evaluate is the notion that effective entrepreneurship includes greater than the qualities or potentially aptitudes of the man or woman. Even as most investigations of entrepreneurship focus on the start-up technique, it's miles sensible to propose that an combination model of entrepreneurial mastering and activity is suitable to recognize the survival or potentially improvement intervals of the commercial enterprise life cycle and the aptitudes required to accomplish development. General course of action for Thanaphol A similarly department of small businesses and the entrepreneurship writing that concerned with the survival and development of little ventures is likewise relevant right here. Another time, the writing is endless and diverse and isn't surveyed in element in this record. Anyways, it is valuable to notice that hypothetical and specific critiques are unsure approximately the connection among person competencies, methods to deal with technique and the survival/improvement of impartial companies. One school of thought proposes that enterprise humans might be enticed to 'lay on their trees' and rehash past practices on the (often inaccurate) supposition that this could result in proceeded with achievement. To the degree that this contention has legitimacy, it can be reasoned that just further improving the modern entrepreneurship aptitudes of the proprietor/administrator might not be the maximum fitting direction to development. Distinct reviews have inquired about the part of device definition and selection by private companies, with blended outcomes. For instance, Armstrong (2013) proposes that selection of procedures in light of firms' present interior assets expands the odds of development, additionally diminishes the shot of continued existence. As the outcomes are uncertain, entrepreneurs propose that alertness is needed in taking risks in relation to the results for continued existence or development of expanded entrepreneurship abilities and additionally systems construct exclusively in light of the past achievement of individual organizations. Major skills of a Successful Entrepreneur Various writing survey underpins a vast amount of the recent ideas with respect to where skills are critical for effective entrepreneurship consisting of: Recognizing consumers requirements, particular openings in a market, as outlined by Hayton Making of a new opportunity Perceiving societal requirements Fruitful visionaries could notice (or make) a prospect followed by learning appropriate expertise to benefit from the prospect As perceived, instead of being a specific game plan of aptitudes in their individual specific right, such may perhaps be connected to scrupulous character features in addition to practices, which specialists consistently show, and may similarly reflect the one of a kind circumstances (portion, spatial, approach etc.) inside which they work. Concluding Remarks Our assessment affirms that it is conceivable to distinguish an arrangement of aptitudes that can be portrayed as 'entrepreneurship abilities, which are unmistakable from albeit firmly identified with acknowledged meanings of leadership and management aptitudes. aptitudes concerning entrepreneurship are connected with capability during the time spent open door distinguishing proof (or potentially creation), the capacity to benefit from recognized open doors and a scope of abilities connected with creating and actualizing marketable strategies to empower such chances to be figured it out. Inquiries about proposes that focusing of entrepreneurship aptitudes activities would be suitable as far as accomplishing most extreme effect from the speculation of open assets. Additional studies might be needed to achieve a stronger ending; nevertheless, this assessment recommends that the principle measurements considered in focusing on be: Development introduction/capability of individual organizations, recognizing 'high fliers' and the 'center ground' Self-surveyed expertise needs, and comparable activities Lastly, this analysis recommends that the 'strategy' of organizations with self-reported pitiable aptitudes concerning entrepreneurship may possibly not be a productive aim in advancement terms; on the other hand a concern is there to investigate the development desire (or deficiency in that department) among that grouping request to distinguish a sub-gathering that may profit by arrangement intercession. Current UK activities are aiding focused on (and fundamentally self-chosen) organizations to build up their entrepreneurship aptitudes and give cases of good and compelling practice. References: Aldrich, H. Waldinger, R. (2010) Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship, Annual Review of Sociology, 16: 111-135 Alvarez, S. and Barney J. (2011) Discovery and creation, Alternative theories of entrepreneurial action, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1(1): 11-27 Arbuthnott, A. von Friedrichs, Y. (2013) Entrepreneurial renewal in a peripheral region: the case of a winter automotive-testing cluster in Sweden, Entrepreneurship Regional Development: An International Journal, 25 (5-6): 371-403. Armstrong, C. E. (2013) Competence or flexibility, Survival and growth implications of competitive strategy among small US businesses, Journal of Strategy and Management, 6(4): 377-398 Baum J. and Locke, E. (2014) The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4): 587-598. Blazenko G., Pavlov A. and Eddy-Sumeke F. (2012) New venture start-ups and technological innovation, International Journal of Managerial Finance, 8 (1): 4 35 Carter S., Ram, M., Trehan, K. and Jones, T. (2013) Diversity and SMEs, Enterprise Research Centre, White Paper no. 3 Chandler G. and Jansen E. (2012) The founder's self-assessed competence and venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(3): 223-236 Chell, E. (2013) Review of skill and the entrepreneurial process, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 19(1): 6-31 Department for Business Innovation and Skills (2012) Business Growth Ambitions among SMEs: final report Doloreux, D. and Dionne S. (2011) Is regional innovation system development possible in peripheral regions, Some evidence from the case of La Pocatire, Canada. Entrepreneurship Regional Development: An International Journal, 20 (3): 259-283 Eraydin, A; Armatli-Koroglu, B; Uzun, N. (2012) Importance of social capital in coping with and benefiting from new economic conditions, Journal of Economic and Social Geography. 103. (2):222 239 Hayton, J (2015) Leadership and Management Skills in SMEs, Warwick Business School, Department of Business, Industry and Skills Parker, S., Storey, D. and Witteloostuijn, A. (2010) What happens to gazelles, The importance of dynamic strategy. Small Business Economics, Volume 35, pp. 203-226 Smith G. (2014) Empowering Entrepreneurs, Accelerating Growth, Progress Report on the Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses UK Program Volery, T., Mueller, S. Siemens, B. (2015) Entrepreneur ambidexterity: A study of entrepreneur behaviors and competencies in growth-oriented small and medium-sized enterprises, International Small Business Journal, 33(2): 109-129 Wang, Q. (2012) Ethnic Entrepreneurship Studies in Geography, A Review, Geography Compass, 6 (4): 227240. Zhou, M. (2014) Revisiting Ethnic Entrepreneurship: Convergences, Controversies, and Conceptual Advancements, International Migration Review 38 (3): 1040-1074

Tata Steel Case Study Analysis Essay Example

Tata Steel Case Study Analysis Paper Introduction The Tata Group is a very large group of businesses that dominate markets in India. The organization has established itself as a leader in markets such as the airline industry, hotel, software, investment, and steel industry. There is a long history of corporate responsibility within the group, and it is no surprise that all Tata companies have adopted a Tata Code of Conduct as well as many international standards. Tata Steel is one of twenty-eight major corporations within the Tata Group. Founded in 1907, it is the largest private sector steel company in India. Operations are spread across the country, with the steel manufacturing unit at Jamshedpur, and other manufacturing and mining activities situated in the states of Jarkhand and Orissa at eight locations. The Tata Group headquarters is based in Mumbai, Maharastra. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the accounting problems that Tata Steel is faced with after acquiring a foreign company. Company Profile Tata Steel, incorporated in 1907 by Shri Dorabji Tata, is Indias largest private sector steel company belonging to the Tata Group. The company manufactures finished steel, both long and flat products like hot and cold rolled coils and sheets, galvanized sheets, tubes, wire rods, construction re-bars, rings and bearings. The company markets its products in brands like Tata Steelium, Tata Tiscon, Tata Pipes, etc. The company is among the lowest cost producers of steel in the world. Its main plant is located in Jamshedpur, having a manufacturing capacity of 5 MTPA (million tonne per annum) while its processing units, captive iron ore and coal mines are located in the states of Orissa, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Gujarat and West Bengal. We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Steel Case Study Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Steel Case Study Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Steel Case Study Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With its head office located in Mumbai, the company functions through a network consisting of trading arms and operation and projects sites spread across countries in the continents of Asia, Europe and America. Apart from Steel there are six Strategic Business Units or divisions for Bearings, Ferro Alloys and Minerals, Rings and Agrico, Tata Growth Shop, Tubes, and Wires. It operates in more than 20 countries and has a commercial presence in over 50. In the past few years, Tata Steel has invested in Corus (UK), Millennium Steel (renamed Tata Steel Thailand) and NatSteel Asia (Singapore). With these, the company has created a manufacturing and marketing network in Europe, South East Asia and the Pacific-rim countries Problem Tata Steel Faces Tata Steel is faced with a very serious, and somewhat complex, problem. The company has global ambitions. By that I mean the company wants to establish itself as a power and contender in the global marketplace. Tata Group acquired UK based Corus Group, a well established steel company in its own right, by way of a $12. 1 billion deal. The deal was partly funded with a $6. billion dollar loan that was primarily denominated in Euros. The currency in which the Corus Group earned most of its revenues was Euros. It made sense for the Tata Group to fund the deal in Euros in order to avoid exposing the debt to currency risk. The problems that the Tata Group would face due to this deal brought about an issue that the organization really did not have much experience in dealing with. Because of the currency denomination issues with this dea l, the Tata Steel would have a liability of over $600 million on its financial books. Although, the reality of the situation is that Tata Steel has a sound and balanced financial structure and accounting practices. Because of international accounting laws that India and the Tata Group have adopted, on the books it looks as if Tata Steel is carry more liabilities or debts than it really is. This is significant because an investor or shareholder would look at the company’s financials and think that the organization is not as financially stable as it really is. Tata Steel used Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (IGAAP) to prepare their financial statements. IGAAP merged with the global accounting system known as the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The problem with this is that by IFRS standards the merger, or natural hedge, was not recognized. IGAAP and IFRS both mandated that foreign currency loans be denominated in the borrowing company’s home currency for accounting purposes. This created a reporting problem for Tata Steel when in reality there was no financial problem with the deal. SWOT Analysis of Tata Steel Strengths Global position in steel industry Tata Steel is one of the most prosperous and profitable steel companies in the world. The acquisition of Corus and other global steel companies have bolstered Tata’s position in the marketplace and made it one of the top steel companies in the world. Corporate governance Tata Steel has had a very good record for corporate governance. It has set the benchmark in global corporate governance principles of accountability, transparency, and equity for others to follow. Tata Steel has been consistently receiving prestigious awards at both the national and the international arena. The company was awarded the Best Governed Company Award in 2006 for corporate practices presented by Asian Centre for Corporate Governance. Brand value The Tata Steel brand, owing to its highly ethical and a socialistic approach to business, has made its name synonymous to trust. The acquisition of Corus made Tata Steel an even more reputable and powerful company. Tats Steel was a well known brand even before the acquisition of Corus. The addition of Corus makes Tata Steel one of the most well known and productive companies in the world. Innovation of Tata Steel Tata Steel has the lowest operating cost for steel manufacture in the world. Further it has displayed effective means in adopting an eco-friendly and sustainable approach towards the manufacture of steel thus proactive measures are undertaken to ensure the employees health and productivity through ergonomically designed work stations and by protecting them from occupational hazards. Adaptability to the fast changing global business environment Tata Steel has displayed immense agility in the recent past during the global financial crisis. Its virtuosos of various fields have adopted various methods like lowering production and even shutting down steel plants due to the lack of demand, managing the balance sheet efficiently etc. The company has 70% of its procurement of raw materials for its operations in Asia through long term contracts and so its margins can be shielded from the nuances of the volatility of the financial markets. Management Team Tata Steel has a highly credible management team who has displayed their skills in expanding the company through various innovative methods. The company has successfully acquired Nat Steel of Indonesia, Millennium Steel of Thailand and more importantly UK based Corus. The company’s virtuosos of finance have been able to find innovative ways to tackle the company’s debt and keep the bottom line in the green zone despite lower demand and a lot of accumulated debt. Weaknesses Debt burden Tata Steel has a total debt of $9. 8 billion USD on its books, much of it from the Corus acquisition. The company plans to refinance $6. 5 billion of its long term debt. It has an unfavorable debt to equity ratio which means the assets of the company are largely financed through debt. With the steady increase in inflation most countries are beginning to tighten credit and liquidity in the money markets. As a result of inflation increases, interest rates are on the rise as well. An increase in interest rates means an increase in the company’s liabilities. This will further add to the degradation of Tata Steel’s balance sheet. Conservative accounting practices India has very conservative accounting standards. The system works within the country but lacks flexibility and adaptability when it comes to reporting differences in currency. Because the Tata Group has global aspirations, the company must deal in various currencies when doing business with global companies. The problem lies in the rules governing the accounting practices within India. All foreign currencies must be converted to the home countries currency when reporting on financial statements. Technology Many steel companies have implemented different technologies into their plants to make production and productivity more efficient. There is a new fluorescent x-ray technology that some companies have adopted. Tata Steel is lacking in this area. Tata Steel has failed to adopt new technology to lower cost, improve production, and improve employee safety standards. Procurement philosophy of its subsidiaries The largest subsidiary of Tata Steel, Corus, has high exposure to spot prices and a higher operational gearing among the larger European steel companies. Hence it has the risk of volatility associated with pricing, one of the key elements in determining profitability of a commodity company. Opportunities Competitive position Tata Steel is the second largest producer of steel in India and the sixth largest producer in the world. Over the years Tata Steel has been acquiring various steel companies around the world, the latest being Corus. There is a lot of room for Tata to grow and further establish itself as a perennial power in the global marketplace. Technological advances Tata Steel has shown immense integration abilities in the past. With the acquisition of Corus it has been able to integrate the high end technological knowledge into its production facilities. The company has also been able to produce high quality steel at lower prices and significantly improve its operating margins. Infrastructure opportunities India has geared up for rapid expansion in the field of infrastructure. The Government of India (GOI) has earmarked Rs. 1, 70,000 crore for infrastructural spending for the fiscal year 2010- 2011 and the trend is set to escalate up to the fiscal year 2025 when India is slated to become the third largest economy in the world. Further many private players either independently or by undergoing public private partnerships (PPP) has also come into the fray. The consumption of steel has been steadily increasing with the rapid investment in the infrastructure and real estate projects. The annual steel production of India has touched 200MT and according to governments steel policy is expected to touch around 250 MT by 2013-2014. The demand for Indian made steel is escalating overseas out of the 200 MT of steel currently produced in India around 50% of it is exported. In the first six months of the fiscal year 2009-2010 the Indian steel export almost doubled to 9. 3MT from 4. MT in the same period the previous fiscal year. The country’s iron ore exports during April-October 2009 period grew 20 per cent over the year ago period to 53 million tons. Accounting practices India’s accounting regulations does a disservice to many of the companies who operate globally. Because of the reporting regulations, Tata Steel has a liability on its balance sheet that realy doesn’t exist. The currency conversion rules hinders Tata Steel from putting together a balance sheet that reflects its actual holdings and activities. Tata Steel has an opportunity to help change the accounting standards in India to allow companies to report their financial activities accurately so that shareholders will have an accurate view of the financial position the company is in. Demand for steel The demand for steel is on arise both domestically and internationally as a result of the enhanced focus upon infrastructural development. Secondly with other steel projects of international giants POSCO, ARCELOR MITTAL stalled due to land acquisition problems the prices of steel are slated to soar. In the month of April 2010 the steel prices were increased by Rs. 2500/ton and this is just the brink of the U-Shaped economic recovery and the prices are slated to rise further in the near future. Acquisitions In the aftermath of the financial crisis various mineral assets are available globally at a price which is just a fraction of their prime value. The government of various countries has been putting up coal blocks under the hammer. Tata Steel has been very active in the asset acquisition space and has bagged various coal blocks in Asia, Africa etc. which is essential for its security of raw materials. Threats International competition Companies like the Indian Steel magnate Lakshmi Mittal’s Arcelor Mittal and Posco have landed on the shores of India. These are amongst the largest steel producers in the world and have a high chance of eating into the market share of Tata Steel. Indian market is also plagued with cheaper Chinese made steel which is ubiquitously available and is significantly digging into the market-share of all Indian steel makers including Tata Steel. Down Economy Tata Steel has a very large debt of 9. 8 billion USD on its books and has a huge interest burden. With the volatility of the financial markets and the tightening of credit and liquidity by the banks, interest rates are slated to go up and would further increase the interest burden of the company. Regulatory issues in India The government of India has chalked a strict norm for the clearance of a plant through environmental impact assessment (EIA). To get clearance from the concerned authority demands more than eight months thus leads to delay and project cost escalation. Albeit the governments’ steel policy has been pro industry in order to increase the steel capacity at a brisk pace.

Reconsidering the History Holocaust Denial. The XXI Century Prospects

Reconsidering the History Holocaust Denial. The XXI Century Prospects Introduction: The Price of Holocaust. When a Murder Is Justified Whenever one thinks of the most dreadful events of the past, the history stages at which the humankind became so cruel and unreasonable that from the retrospective of our times it seems almost unbelievable, such event as the Holocaust is bound to come to one’s mind.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reconsidering the History: Holocaust Denial. The XXI Century Prospects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of the scale and the violence of the event, it cannot be erased from the memory of the world, ad is never to be forgotten as one of the most dreadful acts of segregation against the other race. However, according to the recent statements, the denial of the Holocaust events is currently one of the world major tendencies, which offers certain arguments concerning the reasonability of the movement and its controversy. Despite the fact that Holoca ust was one of the hideous crimes against the humanity that is never to occur again, some tend to represent the tragic event as the stage of the history that people should not pay such attention to, which creates the air of considerable controversy and presupposes debates concerning the significance of the event and its meaning for the modern humankind. Therefore, it cannot be doubted that such phenomenon as Holocaust denial is to be discussed and its absurdity must be proven. The Wind of Changes Is Blowing: When Holocaust Is not a Crime There is no doubt that Holocaust is one of the most dreadful events in the world history. However, once trying to find a suitable definition for the event, one inevitably faces certain problem – as a matter of fact, there is no actual definition of the issue, as the phenomenon cannot be classified according to the existing standards. As Landau (1998) says, â€Å"What was the Nazi Holocaust? So uncomprehended and incomprehensible is the dread event still, a whole generation after, that in this brief space we can answer this question only with a series of negations† (p. 13). According to the author, Holocaust was not a war, neither was it a war crime or a part of the war, or a case of genocide, or racism. Therefore, in the light of the abovementioned, one should agree that Holocaust as it is does not have a suitable definition. However, one can supposedly explain the given issue by the uniqueness of the phenomenon. It is quite peculiar, though, that the Holocaust denial does have certain definition, which can be interpreted as â€Å"an Anti-Semitic propaganda movement active in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe that seeks to deny the reality of the Nazi regimes systematic mass murder of six million Jews during World War II,† according to Anti-Defamation League (2001). Hence, it can be concluded that, generally, the Holocaust denial is posed as a negative concept.Advertising Looking for es say on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Reasons to Reconsider the History: Mayer’s Case Since the outcomes of the World War II were unanimously considered by all states of the world as the act of utter inhumanity, the roots of Holocaust denial mood are rather essential issue which offers plunging into the complexity of the interracial and international relationships. Despite the fact that the origins of the given movement are rather vague, one still can spot the starting point of the Holocaust denial ideas development. According to the recent statement of historians, the Holocaust denial originated from the assumptions of Mayer, which were further on critiqued by Browning (2011), which means that the ideas of the latter are to be reconsidered. It is important that Browning dies give credit to Mayer’s assumptions. According to browning, Holocaust does not need reassessment, since Mayer’s attem pt to reconsider the course of history seems rather futile: Mayer does indeed attempt to set the ‘Judocide’ (a term he prefers to Holocaust) within various comparative frameworks, as the subtitle promises. But as the book progresses, the real thrust of Mayer’s argument becomes apparent. He is not so much placing the ‘Final Solution’ in a wider historical context as he is redefining it. (p. 77) Therefore, it should be admitted that the idea of Holocaust as the event that did to have the significance that people believed it to have first originated due to Mayer. However, despite the fact that Mayer’s objections to the significance of Holocaust are quite debatable and were offered quite a while ago, the Holocaust denial movement is currently gaining momentum. Reinventing People’s Perception of Truth It is evident that there is considerable change of people’s perception of the Holocaust all over the world, as Jewish Virtual Library s ays. The latter belittles the importance of the fact that millions of Jews were killed in the course of the WWII, thus, diminishing the role of Jews in the WWII; on the other hand, reinforcing the idea of Holocaust denial and offering it to the population, the latter make people think carefully over the events of the tragedy and, hence, spurs the discussion. According to what Holocaust Denial (2011) claims, the phenomenon of Holocaust denial is supposed to diminish the role of Jews in the WWII and spread anti-Semitic ideas all over the world: One of the most notable anti-Semitic propaganda movements [†¦] has been known in recent years primarily through the publication of editorial-style advertisements in college campus newspapers. The first of these ads claimed to call for open debate on the Holocaust; it purported to question not the fact of Nazi anti-Semitism, but merely whether this hatred resulted in an organized killing program. (Holocaust Denial, 2011)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reconsidering the History: Holocaust Denial. The XXI Century Prospects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, it should be concluded that the Holocaust Denial movement is aimed at belittling the Jews’ assistance and suffer in the WWII, as well as convince the world in the necessity to follow the anti-Semitic ideas. However, Holocaust denial movement is rather efficient. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the Holocaust denial ideas and compare them to the ones that support the fact of Holocaust. Hence, one will be able to see if the Holocaust denial ideas have some grounds to base on. Consider the Ideas of Anti-Holocaust: Lost in†¦ Interpretation However, even though most people might consider the ideas of anti-Holocaust movement hideous, it is necessary to consider the major points of the Holocaust Denial theory. Once envisioning the main concepts of the Holocaust denial theory, one is most likely to confront it successfully. Therefore, the major ideas concerning the Holocaust denial are to be viewed. According to what Raul Hilberg says, Jones Icke (2009) claim, one of the greatest mistakes of the people who learn the issue of Holocaust is the attempt to see the entire picture from the every beginning, skipping a number of essential details, and, thus, being an easy prey for those who can lure the public into believing the futility of Holocaust.. According to the researcher, it is important to consider the niceties of the Holocaust first before trying to see the whole picture: In all of my work I have never begun by asking the big question, because I was always afraid that I would come up with small answers, and I have preferred, therefore, to address these things which are minutiae, or detail, in order that I might then be able to put together in detail a picture which, if not an explanation, is at least a description, a more full description [†¦] (Jones, Icke, 2009). Thus, it is necessary to consider the details of the event without trying to embrace the whole concept of Holocaust, the scientist claims. However, the given idea offers considerable complexities as well, since it does not allow to consider the entire concept if Holocaust and, thus, leaves much room for the Holocaust Denial ideas, which is quite undesirable. Once the Holocaust denial supporters are able to manipulate the concept of Holocaust and people’s vision of the latter, the change of the attitudes towards the historical event is inevitable. Concerning the Motifs and the Ideas: The New Concept It is essential to mark that in the given case, when the ideas of tolerance and the political correctness can intertwine to be used a shield for the Nazi-like behavior, one should consider the concept of the Holocaust denial movement closer. According to the recent news, the issue is currently getting out of control. As Sandy Allan (2011) report, Friends of a high-fly ing Tory MP are facing prosecution for chanting offensive Nazi slogans in a crowded restaurant at a French ski resort where one of the party dressed in an SS uniform.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aidan Burley, MP for Cannock Chase in Staffordshire, was with 12 friends, some of whom chanted ‘Hitler, Hitler, Hitler’. One toasted the ‘Third Reich’ and one taunted a waiter for being French. (Sandy Allan, 2011) Judging by the above-mentioned example, the motifs of the movement adepts can be hardly viewed as another attempt at restoring the Nazi regime. The given trend is rather a tendency to conduct the policy of political correctness and forgiveness. However, it is worth mentioning that the given policy allows and actually promotes the idea that the tortures of millions of people were insignificant. Hence, the Holocaust denial is the concept that does not have the right to exist. The Argumentation of the Holocaust Rejecters: Lame Excuses Among the most essential proofs that support the fact that Holocaust could not have taken place the way in which it is described nowadays, the ideas offered by the U.S. forensic expert concern the opposite side of the conflict, namely, the way in which the mass extermination of Jews took place. As a result of the research conducted by Fred A. Leuchter, it became evident that the capital punishment tools used in the WWII by the Nazi were not designed for conducting mass executions and, hence, could not be used as the weapons of the Holocaust as it was depicted in a number of sources. As Leuchter explained, his discovery was an utter surprise for him as well: One by one I determined that this state equipment was not functional, this state equipment was not functional; and suddenly, one day I said, â€Å"None of the equipment is functional!† Many of the electric chairs were built by inmates and electricians who had no idea of what they were building. They took a picture of another state’s electric chair and they made something that was looked like it. (Leuchter, 2006) Therefore, it can be suggested that in some of the cases, mass manslaughter did not take place in the course of the Hol ocaust. Though the fact that the data concerning the Holocaust victims was imprecise or exaggerated has not been stated yet, there are certain reasons to think that the number of Jews who have suffered death for their nationality I the course of the WWII and the Holocaust is much smaller than it is estimated, Leuchter thinks. However, it still must be admitted that the observations offered by Leuchter are not precise calculations, but merely suppositions and the researcher does not have the sufficient evidence to prove his point, having only the circumstantial one at his disposal. Bringing Back the Ideas of the Past: No More Misunderstandings Despite the fact that the ideas offered by Leuchter do contain certain evidence which can be used as a proof for the reasonability of the Holocaust Denial, it is still obvious that denying the fact of mass slaughter of the Jews is completely absurd. Taking into account the existing evidence concerning the concentration camps, the anti-Semitic i deas that the Nazi proclaimed, and the attitude towards the Jewish people in the epoch of the WWII, one can still observe the violent treatment of Jews, which confirms the fact that Holocaust did take place. As Lipstad (1999) explained, the fact that the fact of the Holocaust can be denied is one of the most outrageous ideas of the XXI century. According to the author’s own words, When I turned to the topic of Holocaust denial, I knew that I was dealing with extremist anti-Semites who have increasingly managed, under the guide of scholarship, to camouflage their hateful ideology. However, I did not then fully grasp the degree to which I would be dealing with a phenomenon far more unbelievable than was my previous topic. (p. 12) Hence, there can be no possible doubt that the idea of Holocaust denial is absurd. Defying the Jewish people several years of fighting for justice and the acknowledgement of their nationality is one of the crimes of the XXI century. With the help of ef ficient evidence, one can easily prove that the Holocaust did take place in the distant 1939-1745. The Analysis: When the Obvious Needs to Be Proven Comparing the two existing viewpoints, one must admit that, no matter how absurd the fact that the Holocaust did not take place could seem to the humankind, there are certain proofs that the theory offered by Raul Hilberg is quite worth believing. Since restoring the historical facts does not seem possible, one is supposed to rely on the evidence remaining since the end of the WWII, which might have failed to pass the time testing. Therefore, there are certain concerns as for the veracity of both theories. It is worth mentioning that the Holocaust denial theory offers sufficient proofs that can be considered worth taking a closer look at. Providing profound scientific basis for the ideas that Raul Hilberg conveyed with his observations of the German weapons of mass destruction and the Nazi concentration camps, the followers of the theor y create the environment that favors the development of the Holocaust denial ideas. It is essential to emphasize that at present, specific techniques of Holocaust denial are suggested for faking the results of the independent researches concerning the Holocaust issue. As Stein (n.d.) explains, these are aimed at creating the impression that the Jews were not as oppressed in the WWII as they claim and, hence, undermine the trust in the Jewish nationality: One thing scientific Holocaust deniers like Berg and Fred Leuchter count on is the fact that many non-scientists cant follow scientific debates, and assume that if it is dressed up in scientific terms, it must be right. But there are many other scientific debates we see today pollution, cancer, global warming, etc. which enter into the political arena. Some of these arguments are made to support a hidden ideological agenda, and the science is dishonest. Therefore, it cannot be doubted that the research results are faked. Noting th e tiniest discrepancies in Berg’s conclusions, Stein (n.d.) explains that the Holocaust denial is actually another attempt at conducting anti-Semitic policy. Be Upstanding in Court: Passing the Judgement Even with the evidence presented so far on the issue of Holocaust denial, there can be no possible doubt that the Holocaust did take place, taking away the lives of millions of Jews. Taking into account the stories that have been told, the things that have been seen and the issues that were documented on the subject of the Nazi concentration camps, one must admit that the Holocaust as a phenomenon of utter violence and incredible cruelty did take place, which means that the assumptions of those who support the Holocaust denial are completely wrong. Even though there is a considerable lack of the documented evidence of the genocide of the Jews, as Shermer Grobman (2009) explain, it is still worth keeping in mind that the facts of tortures and murders are still evident. Thus, it can be deduced that the Holocaust denial does not have enough sufficient ground to base on and is an abuse for the Jewish people. Conclusion: When There Is Nothing to Find. The Holocaust as It Is Judging from the afore-mentioned facts, it can be concluded that the Holocaust did exist. Moreover, it I necessary to admit that people must not forget the Holocaust; nor may they pretend that the given event had no significance in the course of the WWII. Hence, the situation concerning the attitude towards the Holocaust is slowly getting out of control and becoming increasingly controversial. However, the situation can still be changed. Once offering sufficient proof of the inconsistency of the Holocaust denial ideas, one is likely to restore the self-esteem of the Jewish nation and the relationship of the latter with the rest of the states. In the given situation, it is crucial that people should not follow the false leads and be confused into misconceptions by the half-baked claims. O nly with the help of the mutual respect and careful consideration of the historical facts, one is likely to find out the truth. Reference List Anti-Defamation League (2001). What is Holocaust denial. ADL. Retrieved from adl.org/hate-patrol/holocaust.asp Browning, C. R. (1995).The path to genocide: Essays on launching the final solution. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Holocaust denial (2011). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved from jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/denial.html Jones, A., Icke, D. (2009). One third of the Holocaust – conspiracy. Nazi, Hitler, Israel, Zionism, Jews. Google Video. Retrieved from http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-9174186302325317179# Landau, R. S. (1998). Studying the Holocaust : Issues, readings, and documents.  New York City, NY: Routledge. Leuchter, F. A. Jr., et al. (2006). Mr. Death. The rise and fall of Fred A. Leuchter Jr.  Google Video. Retrieved from http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=65417828115193937 8# Lipstad, D. E. (1999). The growing assault of truth and memory. With a new preface  by the author. New York City, NY: Plume. Sandy, M., Allen, P. (2011). ‘A toast to the Third Reich!’ Oxford-educated louts ‘face prosecution’ for dressing as Nazi and taunting French waiter while Tory MP looked on. Daily Mail. Retrieved from dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2072639/Tory-MP-Aiden-Burley-Nazi-stag-night-French-ski-resort.html Shermer, M., Grobman, A. (2009). Denying history: Who says the Holocaust never  happened and why they say that? Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Stein, M. P. (n.d.) Deceit misrepresentation. The techniques of holocaust denial.  The Nizkor Project. Retrieved from nizkor.org/features/techniques-of-denial/diesel-01.html

Why pet owners should micro chip their pets Essay

Why pet owners should micro chip their pets - Essay Example I searched for 3 days after which I decided to report the case to the nearest animal shelter, just in case they might have come across him. Lucky enough, Jimmy was there and when he saw me approaching, he barked enormously swaying his tail up and down in much joy. Jimmy had been rescued by a Good Samaritan just in time before he fell into a deep hole in the nearby forest. The Samaritan later brought him to the animal shelter. It got to my attention that the shelter’s personnel had tried to locate me with no success since the collar on Jimmy had no identification number. This was the time that it downed on me that micro chipping jimmy was really important. After learning the importance of a chip, I allowed its installation and since then it has served me well because Jimmy has gone missing 3 more times and through the chip he has always been traced back to me. Your window of chance to find a pet is fairly narrow, but a microchip is a must have if you want to secure your pet for the long term and ensure he comes back even when he has gone missing. Am sure most of us have a pet, and would like to ease the burden of searching for a lost or displaced pet. Today I am emphasizing on the need for everyone in our area to microchip their pet for easy identification and linkage to the legitimate own and overuse of limited resources on animal shelters Millions of pets get displaced or lost annually. To be precise 1 in 3 of the pets go missing somewhere along the course of their lives. When they are found straying within the neighborhood, they end up in the animal shelters. As a result of large numbers of unidentified pets that find their way into these animal protection centres, overcrowding becomes evident and strain on the limited resources on the centre ensues. This problems strengthens the need to ensure ease in identification of pets, by implanting microchips on your pets to enhance tracking of the pets and connection